Самоучитель английского языка. Урок 61. Текст

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THE THREE STATES OF MATTER
/ðə θriː steɪts əv ˈmætə/

There are three states of matter.
/ðeə ə θriː steɪts əv ˈmætə/

We know water in all three states.
/wi nəʊ ˈwɔːtə ɪn ɔːl θriː steɪts/

We have solid water which we call ice; liquid water; and a gas which we call steam.
/wi həv ˈsɒlɪd ˈwɔːtə wɪʧ wi kɔːl aɪs ˈlɪkwɪd ˈwɔːtə ənd ə gæs wɪʧ wi kɔːl stiːm/

When we place a solid in a vessel, it keeps its own size and shape.
/wen wi pleɪs ə ˈsɒlɪd ɪn ə ˈvesl ɪt kiːps ɪts əʊn saɪz ənd ʃeɪp/

A liquid does not keep its own shape.
/ə ˈlɪkwɪd dʌz nɒt kiːp ɪts əʊn ʃeɪp/

It takes the shape of the vessel, but keeps its own size.
/ɪt teɪks ðə ʃeɪp əv ðə ˈvesl bʌt kiːps ɪts əʊn saɪz/

A gas takes both the size and the shape of the vessel.
/ə gæs teɪks bəʊθ ðə saɪz ənd ðə ʃeɪp əv ðə ˈvesl/

A solid has a definite size and a definite shape.
/ə ˈsɒlɪd həz ə ˈdefɪnɪt saɪz ənd ə ˈdefɪnɪt ʃeɪp/

A liquid has a definite size, but no definite shape.
/ə ˈlɪkwɪd həz ə ˈdefɪnɪt saɪz bɜː nəʊ ˈdefɪnɪt ʃeɪp/

A gas has no definite size or shape.
/ə gæs həz nəʊ ˈdefɪnɪt saɪz ə ʃeɪp/

These three states depend on the freedom of the molecules to move about.
/ðiːz θriː steɪts dɪˈpend ɒn ðə ˈfriːdəm əv ðə ˈmɒlɪkjuːlz tə muːv əˈbaʊt/

In a solid the molecules move very slowly; in a liquid they move about more freely; in a gas they about with great speed.
/ɪn ə ˈsɒlɪd ðə ˈmɒlɪkjuːlz muːv ˈverɪ ˈsləʊli ɪn ə ˈlɪkwɪd ðeɪ muːv əˈbaʊt mɔː ˈfriːlɪ ɪn ə gæs ðeɪ əˈbaʊt wɪð greɪt spiːd/

Is this body a solid or not?
/ɪz ðɪs ˈbɒdɪ ə ˈsɒlɪd ə nɒt/

It is not always easy to answer this question.
/ɪt ɪz nɒt ˈɔːlwəz ˈiːzɪ tʊ ˈɑːnsə ðɪs ˈkwesʧən/

A piece of pitch seems to be solid but when we place it in a vessel it slowly takes the shape of the vessel.
/ə piːs əv pɪʧ siːmz tə biː ˈsɒlɪd bʌt wen wi pleɪs ɪt ɪn ə ˈvesl ɪt ˈsləʊli teɪks ðə ʃeɪp əv ðə ˈvesl/

This shows that it really is a very thick liquid.
/ðɪs ʃəʊz ðæt ɪt ˈrɪəlɪ ɪz ə ˈverɪ θɪk ˈlɪkwɪd/

A thin jelly seems more liquid than pitch, but it does not take the shape of its vessel.
/ə θɪn ˈʤelɪ siːmz mɔː ˈlɪkwɪd ðæn pɪʧ bʌt ɪt dʌz nɒt teɪk ðə ʃeɪp əv ɪts ˈvesl/

This means that it is a real solid.
/ðɪs miːnz ðæt ɪt ɪz ə rɪəl ˈsɒlɪd/

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THE THREE STATES OF MATTER
There are three states of matter.
We know water in all three states.
We have solid water which we call ice; liquid water; and a gas which we call steam.
When we place a solid in a vessel, it keeps its own size and shape.
A liquid does not keep its own shape.
It takes the shape of the vessel, but keeps its own size.
A gas takes both the size and the shape of the vessel.
A solid has a definite size and a definite shape.
A liquid has a definite size, but no definite shape.
A gas has no definite size or shape.
These three states depend on the freedom of the molecules to move about.
In a solid the molecules move very slowly; in a liquid they move about more freely; in a gas they about with great speed.
Is this body a solid or not?
It is not always easy to answer this question.
A piece of pitch seems to be solid but when we place it in a vessel it slowly takes the shape of the vessel.
This shows that it really is a very thick liquid.
A thin jelly seems more liquid than pitch, but it does not take the shape of its vessel.
This means that it is a real solid.

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three [θriː] три
state [steɪt] состояние
of [ɒv] предлог родит падежа (кого? чего?)
matter [ˈmætə] дело
there [ðeə] тем
are [ə] есть, являются
we [wi] мы
know [nəʊ] знать
water [ˈwɔːtə] вода
in [ɪn] в
all [ɔːl] все
have [hæv] иметь
solid [ˈsɒlɪd] твердый, твердое тело
which [wɪʧ] который
call [kɔːl] звать
ice [aɪs] лед
liquid [ˈlɪkwɪd] жидкий, жидкое состояние
and [ənd] и
gas [gæs] газ
steam [stiːm] пар
when [wen] когда
place [pleɪs] место
vessel [ˈvesl] сосуд, судно
it [ɪt] это
keep [kiːp] хранить
its [ɪts] его, ее
own [əʊn] собственный
size [saɪz] размер
shape [ʃeɪp] форма
does [dʌz] вспомогат глагол
not [nɒt] нет
take [teɪk] брать
but [bʌt] но
both [bəʊθ] оба, обе
has [hæz] имеет
definite [ˈdefɪnɪt] определенный
no [nəʊ] нет, не
or [ə] или
these [ðiːz] эти
depend [dɪˈpend] зависеть
on [ɒn] на
freedom [ˈfriːdəm] свобода
molecule [ˈmɒlɪkjuːl] молекула
to [tʊ] к
move [muːv] двигать, двигаться
about [əˈbaʊt] о
very [ˈverɪ] очень
slow [sləʊ] медленный
they [ðeɪ] они
more [mɔː] более
freely [ˈfriːlɪ] свободно
with [wɪð] с
great [greɪt] большой, великий
speed [spiːd] скорость
is [ɪz] есть, является
this [ðɪs] этот, это
body [ˈbɒdɪ] тело
always [ˈɔːlwəz] всегда
easy [ˈiːzɪ] легкий
answer [ˈɑːnsə] ответ, отвечать
question [ˈkwesʧən] вопрос
piece [piːs] кусок
pitch [pɪʧ] смола
seem [siːm] казаться
be [biː] быть
show [ʃəʊ] показывать
that [ðæt] тот
really [ˈrɪəlɪ] действительно
thick [θɪk] густой, толстый
thin [θɪn] худой, тонкий
jelly [ˈʤelɪ] than [ðæn] чем
mean [miːn] значить
real [rɪəl] действительный

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