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1. Different from other sports |
A. As the close running is dangerous because of collisions and falls, a hard shell helmet is a must. There are also knee and neck protectors. Some skaters wear goggles to shield their eyes from wind and ice chips. Skin-tight suits reduce wind resistance. Short track boots lace high up and are heavier to help stabilize the foot. Blades are very sharp and asymmetrical so as to make turns almost flat to the ice.
B. Primarily short track was dominated by Canada and the USA. The teams from South Korea, China, Japan joined later, followed by the recent favourites, the Dutch. For a long time Russia could boast of the only bronze Olympic medal in short track. Since the Sochi Olympics the Russian short track team has seriously improved.
C. Nowadays sort track includes eight competitions. These are the same for both men and women: 500 m, 1000 m, 1500 m, 3000 m, and the relay — a race between teams, with each team member in turn running part of the total distance. The last one makes 5000 m for men and 3000 m for women.
D. Short track hasn’t been a Winter Games event for very long. Ice short track was a demonstration sport at the 15th Winter Olympics, held in Calgary (Canada) in 1988. It was upgraded to a full Olympic sport in 1992 at the Albertville Winter Games and has been part of the Winter Olympics since.
E. Short track is a form of ice speed skating. The races last between 40 seconds and two minutes. The skaters compete against the clock and against each other. Unlike in long speed skating with two skaters running at a time, usually between four and six short trackers take part. The rink is the size of an ice hockey rink and gives a shorter track.
F. The sport originated in the USA and Canada at the beginning of the previous century. Meanwhile it was gaining popularity in Great Britain, Japan, France, Belgium, and Australia. The countries competed among themselves some decades before the International Skating Union (ISU) officially launched the sport’s international competitions in 1970s.
G. Disqualifications in short track are unavoidable for many reasons such as two false starts by a skater or not wearing the equipment properly. Skaters mustn’t contact each other with hands. Pushing, blocking and even giving another skater physical assistance is not allowed. Skating outside the designated track is also forbidden.
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B — 2
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D — 8
E — 1
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G — 7