ЕГЭ: Задание 22 на текст и выбор ответов на вопросы к тексту

Many people in Canada don’t think it’s important for immigrants to learn either language. They argue newcomers must be offered services in their mother tongue. Or they don’t believe immigrants, or anyone, should be expected to venture beyond their ethno-cul-tural group. The 2011 census discovered more than one in five Canadians speak a language other than English or French at home. In Metro Vancouver, the portion of residents who don’t speak an official language at home rises to one of three. Most common are Chinese, Punjabi and Tagalog.

It’s been difficult, however, for demographers to determine the total number of such Canadians who cannot speak either French or English; even though the problem is believed most acute among seniors, stay-at-homes and those functioning in the underground economy. Nevertheless, an internal 2012 Immigration report showed a rising proportion of people in Canada, 600,000, do not speak English or French even on the job. And 400,000 of these admit they cannot carry on a conversation in either official language.

Albert Lo, head of the Canadian Race Relations Foundation, said Canadians ‘don’t talk enough’ about the importance of learning one of the country’s two official languages. Based in Metro Vancouver, Lo is aware many new immigrants, particularly from East Asia, ‘simply don’t know’ the country’s two official languages are English and French. Some newcomers believe ‘Canada is a free country and therefore they can do what they want’ and that includes not bothering to learn either English or French, said Lo, whose organization operates with a $ 24-million endowment.

Simon Fraser University’s Samir Gandesha appreciates the way Canada has become a multicultural society. ‘(But) there are many on the left who, while perhaps not supporting segregation of communities, think that it is oppressive to encourage new Canadians to learn English. They insist on translation services,’ said Gandesha, director of SFU’s Institute for the Humanities. ‘However, if you think about it for a minute, and you imagine a young woman from India whose marriage has been arranged by an Indo-Canadian man, if she doesn’t speak English or not very well, she may be terribly isolated, especially if she is being mistreated by her family and community. Regrettably this happens a lot.’

In contrast to those who argue that favouring English or French in Canada creates a ‘status hierarchy,’ people on the front lines of language research believe it’s a no-brainer that the most economically and emotionally well-adjusted immigrants are those who learn the language of their chosen country.

An Immigration Canada report said newcomers who cannot work in English or French struggle with one-third lower earnings than other Canadians. Another study by Montreal’s Institute for Research on Public Policy followed 25 Canadian Chinese and Slavic immigrants over seven years and discovered those who spoke Mandarin made ‘no significant progress’ in learning English, while the Slavs excelled.

The researchers chalked up the problems of the Mandarin-speaking immigrants to the way they remained in language communities. Unlike the Slavs, they were too nervous or unwilling to engage in ‘small talk’ with Canadians outside their language enclave.

Despite such clear conclusions, resistance remains strong to learning English or French.

ВОПРОС 1: According to the 2011 census, how many Canadians don’t speak either official language at home?
1) Every fifth Canadian.
2) One in five Canadians.
3) Up to five Canadians.
4) Between one and two in five Canadians.

ВОПРОС 2: What has an internal 2012 Immigration report showed?
1) Showed a lowering proportion of people who do not speak English or French even on the job.
2) Showed an equal proportion of people who do not speak English or French even on the job.
3) Showed a proportion of people who do not speak English or French even on the job.
4) Showed an increasing proportion of people who do not speak English or French even on the job.

ВОПРОС 3: According to the article, the new immigrants who ‘simply don’t know’ the country’s two official languages come from …
1) Asia.
2) Middle Asia.
3) East Asia.
4) Europe.

ВОПРОС 4: What can happen to a young woman from India, who doesn’t speak English, whose marriage has been arranged by an Indo-Canadian man?
1) She can be mistreated by her family.
2) The marriage can be oppressive for her.
3) She can be terribly isolated.
4) She can experience difficulty in speaking.

ВОПРОС 5: What has an Immigration Canada report said about newcomers who cannot work in English or French?
1) They earn one-third less than other Canadians.
2) They struggle low income.
3) They have higher earnings.
4) They don’t experience any difficulties.

ВОПРОС 6: What has another study by Montreal’s Institute for Research discovered?
1) Those who spoke Slavic made ‘no significant progress’ in learning English.
2) Those who spoke Mandarin made ‘no significant progress’ in learning English.
3) Chinese and Slavic immigrants made ‘no significant progress’ in learning English.
4) Chinese and Slavic immigrants made ‘significant progress’ in learning English.

ВОПРОС 7: What is the reason that prevented the Mandarin-speaking immigrants from learning English?
1) They spoke within their own language community.
2) They engaged in ‘small talk’ very often.
3) They didn’t engage in ‘small talk’ with locals.
4) They spoke to Canadians outside their language community.

ВОПРОС 1: – 4
ВОПРОС 2: – 4
ВОПРОС 3: – 3
ВОПРОС 4: – 3
ВОПРОС 5: – 1
ВОПРОС 6: – 2
ВОПРОС 7: – 3